• 357 Downloads • Abstract Detailed study has been carried out on the load carrying capacity of cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) circular columns under axial compression. Tests on CSRE cylinders and columns were performed to determine the effects of concentric axial loading and slenderness ratio; and stress reduction factors were assessed. A comparative study was made between the ultimate compressive strength ( σ u) of columns determined using tangent modulus theory and experimental values. Furthermore, the validity of using masonry design rules for the design of CSRE columns was also assessed. The result shows that with increasing slenderness ratio the load carrying capacity of columns decreases. The ultimate compressive strength of column predicted by tangent modulus theory tend to converge with experimental values at higher slenderness ratio and the masonry codal predictions are observed to be un-conservative as compared to experimental reduction factors. Lastly, the characteristic strength determined for columns yields relatively higher safety factor and indicates that it is possible to construct a single storey load bearing houses when designed properly.
Neveroyatnie priklyucheniya v gollivude igra 1998 3. HB 195-2002 The Australian Earth Building Handbook. Standard Number: HB 195. Document Contents HB 195-2002 THE AUSTRALIAN EARTH BUILDING HANDBOOK Preface Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE OF HANDBOOK 1.2 HISTORY 1.3 WHY EARTH CONSTRUCTION? 1.3.1 Advantages 1.3.2 Limitations 1.4 FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION 1.4.1 Loadbearing.
E c Compaction energy in kg cm/cm 3 E t Tangent modulus at failure in MPa h Height of column in mm P Average load in kN P au Average ultimate load in kN P u Ultimate load in kN δ al Average lateral displacement in mm δ av Average vertical displacement in mm δ l Lateral displacement in mm λ Height to diameter ratio or slenderness ratio σ Average compressive strength in MPa σ cr Critical stress or buckling strength in MPa σ u Ultimate compressive strength in MPa ε Average compressive strain γ f Factor of safety for dead loads γ m Material strength variations and workmanship factors. Uzli ventiliruemij fasad dwg pdf.
• 357 Downloads • Abstract Detailed study has been carried out on the load carrying capacity of cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) circular columns under axial compression. Tests on CSRE cylinders and columns were performed to determine the effects of concentric axial loading and slenderness ratio; and stress reduction factors were assessed. A comparative study was made between the ultimate compressive strength ( σ u) of columns determined using tangent modulus theory and experimental values. Furthermore, the validity of using masonry design rules for the design of CSRE columns was also assessed. The result shows that with increasing slenderness ratio the load carrying capacity of columns decreases. The ultimate compressive strength of column predicted by tangent modulus theory tend to converge with experimental values at higher slenderness ratio and the masonry codal predictions are observed to be un-conservative as compared to experimental reduction factors. Lastly, the characteristic strength determined for columns yields relatively higher safety factor and indicates that it is possible to construct a single storey load bearing houses when designed properly.
Neveroyatnie priklyucheniya v gollivude igra 1998 3. HB 195-2002 The Australian Earth Building Handbook. Standard Number: HB 195. Document Contents HB 195-2002 THE AUSTRALIAN EARTH BUILDING HANDBOOK Preface Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE OF HANDBOOK 1.2 HISTORY 1.3 WHY EARTH CONSTRUCTION? 1.3.1 Advantages 1.3.2 Limitations 1.4 FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION 1.4.1 Loadbearing.
E c Compaction energy in kg cm/cm 3 E t Tangent modulus at failure in MPa h Height of column in mm P Average load in kN P au Average ultimate load in kN P u Ultimate load in kN δ al Average lateral displacement in mm δ av Average vertical displacement in mm δ l Lateral displacement in mm λ Height to diameter ratio or slenderness ratio σ Average compressive strength in MPa σ cr Critical stress or buckling strength in MPa σ u Ultimate compressive strength in MPa ε Average compressive strain γ f Factor of safety for dead loads γ m Material strength variations and workmanship factors. Uzli ventiliruemij fasad dwg pdf.
...'>Pdf Hb 195 2002 The Australian Earth Building Handbook(10.10.2018)• 357 Downloads • Abstract Detailed study has been carried out on the load carrying capacity of cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) circular columns under axial compression. Tests on CSRE cylinders and columns were performed to determine the effects of concentric axial loading and slenderness ratio; and stress reduction factors were assessed. A comparative study was made between the ultimate compressive strength ( σ u) of columns determined using tangent modulus theory and experimental values. Furthermore, the validity of using masonry design rules for the design of CSRE columns was also assessed. The result shows that with increasing slenderness ratio the load carrying capacity of columns decreases. The ultimate compressive strength of column predicted by tangent modulus theory tend to converge with experimental values at higher slenderness ratio and the masonry codal predictions are observed to be un-conservative as compared to experimental reduction factors. Lastly, the characteristic strength determined for columns yields relatively higher safety factor and indicates that it is possible to construct a single storey load bearing houses when designed properly.
Neveroyatnie priklyucheniya v gollivude igra 1998 3. HB 195-2002 The Australian Earth Building Handbook. Standard Number: HB 195. Document Contents HB 195-2002 THE AUSTRALIAN EARTH BUILDING HANDBOOK Preface Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE OF HANDBOOK 1.2 HISTORY 1.3 WHY EARTH CONSTRUCTION? 1.3.1 Advantages 1.3.2 Limitations 1.4 FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION 1.4.1 Loadbearing.
E c Compaction energy in kg cm/cm 3 E t Tangent modulus at failure in MPa h Height of column in mm P Average load in kN P au Average ultimate load in kN P u Ultimate load in kN δ al Average lateral displacement in mm δ av Average vertical displacement in mm δ l Lateral displacement in mm λ Height to diameter ratio or slenderness ratio σ Average compressive strength in MPa σ cr Critical stress or buckling strength in MPa σ u Ultimate compressive strength in MPa ε Average compressive strain γ f Factor of safety for dead loads γ m Material strength variations and workmanship factors. Uzli ventiliruemij fasad dwg pdf.
...'>Pdf Hb 195 2002 The Australian Earth Building Handbook(10.10.2018)